Several studies reported the appearance of ASTHMA and autoimmune conditions in the same patient, but the clinical significance of this association was not yet assessed.One hundred ASTHMAtic patients were observed for one year evolution with death, severe exacerbations, intake of > 1000 micrograms of beclometasone or equivalent (high ICS) and FEV1 decline >100 ml, in relation with ANA (ELISA), sputum and blood eosinophilia (EO), NSAID intolerance, BMI >25, chronic rhinosinusitis, smoking status and FEV1 <30% predicted (low FEV1).After 1 year of observation, there were 5 deaths, 28 severe ASTHMA exacerbations requiring hospitalisations, 24 cases requiring high inhaled corticosteroid intake, and 19 patients with fast FEV1 decline (>100 ml/year). Multiple regression analysis pointed out several different independent risk factors for severe ASTHMA evolution: for death presence of ANA (P=0.037), NSAID intolerance (P<0.001) and low FEV1 (P=0.021); for evolution with severe exacerbations ANA (p=0.011), sputum EO (P<0.001), smoking (P=0.044) and NSAID intolerance (P=0.022); for high ICS intake ANA (P=0.036), sputum EO (P=0.026) and low FEV1 (P=0.006); for FEV1 decline >100 ml ANA (P=0.006), sputum EO (P=0.037), BMI>25 (P=0.046) and NSAID intolerance (P=0.017).The presence of ANA is an independent risk factor in ASTHMA for evolution with death, severe exacerbations, high inhaled corticosteroid intake and FEV1 decline >100 ml.

Background: Incidence of allergic ASTHMA has increased in the worldwide. Zinc has significant effects on the pathogenesis of bronchial ASTHMA. However, Zinc deficiency caused the enhanced allergy state. Investigations on the recent issue have been less often considered, and only a few studies were found in the literature review. Zinc status particularly has not been known in adult's allergic ASTHMA. The aim of the study was to assess the sera level of zinc in chronic allergic ASTHMA patient with atopic PHENOTYPE.Methods: A total 48 chronic allergic ASTHMA PHENOTYPE enrolled among ASTHMAtic population based on the protocol. Skin prick test was applied with six standard extract allergens. Total Immunoglobulin E antibodies and zinc level were measured in sera with the recommendation manufacturer.Results: The mean age was 32.75±9.86 SD years. Gender distribution was 52% females and 48% males. Mean of total IgE and zinc levels in sera was higher in males than females. 27% of participants had hypozincemia. Hypozincemia subset had a higher mean of total IgE level than a normal zinc level subset. Atopic PHENOTYPE was detected in 21% target population. Atopic ASTHMAtic PHENOTYPE disclosed hypozincemia status with frequency 23%. Marked differences were observed between zinc and total IgE levels (p=0.04).Conclusion: The outcome disclosed there was a hypozincemia in the target population and atopic PHENOTYPE subset. Hypozincemic allergic ASTHMAtic patients had a higher mean of total IgE level than normal Zinc level subjects. Allergic marker and hypozincemia were marked in the male and female focus population, respectively.

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of ASTHMA. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and arylesterase are esterase enzymes displaying antioxidant characteristics. PON1 activity varies widely among individuals and ethnic groups, partly related to polymorphisms.The aim of this study was to determine the activities of PON1 and arylesterase including the PHENOTYPE distribution of PON1 in ASTHMAtic patients and healthy subjects.Forty-nine ASTHMAtic patients and 41 healthy people were included in this study. Serum PON1 and arylesterase activities were determined by spectrophotometric assays, as well as the lipid profiles. The PON1 ratio (salt stimulated paraoxonase/arylesterase) was trimodally distributed and this ratio was used to determine the individual PHENOTYPEs of all subjects.The PON1 activity in the ASTHMAtic patients was significantly lower (p=0.024) when compared to the healthy control group, however no significant difference in the activity of arylesterase was observed between the two groups. The prevalence of the PON1 PHENOTYPEs in the ASTHMAtic population were 26.5%, 16.3% and 57.2 % for QQ, QR and RR, respectively.PON1 activity was significantly lower in ASTHMAtic patients; in addition, the results of this investigation indicated that PON1 RR PHENOTYPE may be an important risk factor in ASTHMA disease.

Introduction: Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation can lead to the activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, some reports have pointed out to the role of membranous form of TLR2 in ASTHMA pathogenesis. In this respect, this study aimed to examine serum and sputum levels of soluble form of TLR2 (sTLR2) in both patients with ASTHMA and healthy individuals.Materials and Methods: Serum and sputum samples were obtained from ASTHMAtic patients (n=33) and normal subjects (n=19). All the subjects were otherwise healthy. The ASTHMAtic patients were classified into four groups according to Global Initiative for ASTHMA (GINA). Eosinophile count and total serum IgE were determined in peripheral blood and sputum. Also, we established a sandwich ELISA to measure the serum and sputum levels of sTLR. Results: The means of sTLR2 optical density levels in serum and sputum samples of the ASTHMAtics were significantly lower than those obtained from the healthy controls (0.44±0.12 VS 0.72±0.15 IU/ml, P=0.003). sTLR2 optical density decreased concomitantly with the increase in the levels of ASTHMA severity, but the differences observed were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The levels of sTLR2 decreased in serum and sputum samples obtained from ASTHMAtic patients, as compared to the healthy individuals.